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Abstract:
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The issue of highly qualified teachers as the key to improving the educational
system in the United States has become a primary focus in education. The federal
educational policy No Child Left Behind Act 2001, describes what it means to be a highly
qualified teacher in core subject areas, and all states are required to use this criterion for
defining what teachers should know, and be able to do. Accordingly, certified teachers in
today’s public school classrooms must possess the knowledge, skills, and dispositions so
that all students, including those students who have been historically disadvantaged and
those who are culturally and linguistically diverse are offered equal opportunities for
academic success. Teachers are continuously developing knowledge, skills, and
dispositions to build their capacities (Grant, 2008). The purpose of this multiple-case
study is to describe how these capacities influenced six middle school teachers’ decision
making in planning social studies instruction in a Hispanic serving school over time.
Henderson and Gornik’s (2007) concept of decision-making in planning curriculum goals
served as a framework to conduct this multiple-case study. The data collected through
interviews, followed the Seidman’s (2006) model of three-interview series. In addition,
data were collected from non-participant observations, written field notes, and social
studies lesson plans. The data were first analyzed using Yin’s (2009) case-by-case
analysis framework, and then, by applying Stake’s (2006) cross-case analysis. Twenty
thematic categories emerged as a result of the case-by-case analyses. These thematic
categories served as a preamble for the cross-case analysis from which six themes and
two atypical results emerged. The emerged themes across the cases are: (1) effective teamwork; (2) cultural
awareness; (3) ownership in learning; (4) caring about student needs; (5) connecting
lessons to everyday life; and (6) reflective practices. Implications for practices and
further research are provided to help contribute to the body of knowledge regarding
teacher capacity. These implications include strategies that can be developed to prepare
teachers to effectively plan differentiated instruction for diverse students to help close the
achievement gaps. |