| dc.description |
The following experiments looked at how encoding information and available
cues at test can influence context effects . More specifically , the present experiments
investigated the overshadowing and outshining hypotheses . Experiment 1 established a
new method for attaining robust reinstatement effects by using movie scenes .
Experiment 2 found support for the outshining hypothesis . So , if verbal and contextual
cues were encoded and verbal cues were present at test , then context reinstatement
through the reinstatement of the movie scenes would have little effect on memory .
However , in the absence of verbal cues at test , significant context effects were found
showing that the verbal cues were able to outshine the context (i .e . , the movie scenes ) .
Experiment 3 extended the outshining hypothesis by showing that strengthening the
association between the verbal cues and the target items led to greater outshining of the
movie scenes by the verbal cues . Experiment 4 looked at the overshadowing hypothesis
and showed that if the context (i .e . , the movie scenes ) was not encoded well , but the
verbal cues were then the context was overshadowed by the verbal cues . Further , if the
association between the verbal cue and target items was encoded , then the overshadowing effect was greater as compared to cases where the association between
the two items was not encoded . Finally , Experiment 5 found that if context was well
encoded but verbal cues were not well encoded then the verbal cues were overshadowed
by the context . It was also found that encoding the association between the context and
target led to a more robust overshadowing effect as compared to cases where the
association was not encoded . |
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