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Abstract:
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This dissertation describes approaches towards designs , syntheses , characterizations , and applications of supramolecular chemistry on carbon dioxide . Chapter 1 briefly overviews the field of supramolecular chemistry and highlights its horizons , also introduces the progress of sensing devices on chemical warfare agents . Chapter 2 introduces a modular approach to detect chemical warfare agent : phosgene by Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET ) . It combines the chemical reactivity between amines and phosgene with fluorescence properties of coumarin fluorophores , forms a fast , selective and reliable sensing system . Chapter 3 overviews the chemistry between amines and carbon dioxide and introduces the applications of this reaction in molecular recognition , organic gelations and cation separations . A novel strategy for alkali metal cation separations is demonstrated by introducing dibenzo -18 -crown -6 and lysine derivatives , which successfully extract metal ions from aqueous solution . CO2 was used to build reversible , supramolecular polymeric materials . Formation of cross -linked , porous supramolecular polymers leads to instant entrapment of organic guest species . These can be stored and then released upon changing solvent polarity , temperature , pH , and concentration . Chapter 4 presents a calix[4]arene based novel strategy for sodium cation separation . Because of high affinity towards sodium cations , calix[4]arene tetraester is selected and functionlized by ethylenediamine on the lower rims . After entrapment of sodium cations , CO2 gas constructs these calix[4]arene sodium complexes into cross -linked supramolecular polymers . These polymers employ dynamic , thermally reversible carbamate bonds . This approach shows high efficiency and accuracy . |