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Abstract:
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Today , air pollution is taking a growing toll on human health , the environment and the economy , despite decades of efforts to combat it . Although it was once a primary urban phenomenon in industrialized countries , today air pollution has spread worldwide . Mobile , industrial and natural sources constitute the major sources of air pollution . Around the world , major cities in industrialized countries have in recent times been battling air pollution from mobile sources . Beijing , New Delhi , Dallas / Fort Worth and Los Angeles are no exceptions .Pronounced interest has focused on mobile source (vehicle exhaust ) emissions in recent decades . A rapid increase in the number of vehicles in use and a corresponding increase in vehicle miles traveled (VMT ) , especially in urban areas , have made vehicle emissions suspected culprits for some major health and environmental problems observed among urban populations . At the state and regional levels , transportation and air quality engineers are developing various transportation models to help estimate vehicle exhaust emission .This research involves development of a statistical model for vehicle tailpipe emissions estimation . Second -by -second data collection was carried out using an On Board emissions measurement System (OBS -1300 system ) which was installed in the 2007 Dodge Charger Car acquired by the Civil Engineering Department of the University of Texas at Arlington (UTA ) .The test procedure involved 40 hours of second -by -second emissions data collection . Two roadway types , arterial and highway , were considered and data was collected for two different time periods , off peak and peak .The model built contains predictor variables such as velocity and acceleration , and thus is able to address driving dynamics and with excellent potential of estimating second -by -second vehicle emissions . |